August Losch presented the Economic Location theory in 1939 based on the modification of the "Central Place Theory" of Christaller & Weber's industrial location theory. August Losch was the German Economist, his model was to find the economic location that will maximize the overall profits. Losch Criticised Weber's " least-cost location" model, Losch focuses on total production cost for deciding the economic location instead of weber's cost( transportation, agglomeration cost, labor cost).
Similarities between Christaller and Losch model:
CENTRAL PLACE THEORY BY CHRISTALLER
Difference between Christaller and Losch of central place theory
Similarities between Christaller and Losch model:
- The same concept of hexagonal settlement
- The basic assumption is nearly the same in both models
- The same concept of range and thresholds
CENTRAL PLACE THEORY BY CHRISTALLER
Difference between Christaller and Losch of central place theory
The following are the differences between Christaller and
Losch model of Central Place theory
Sr. no
|
Christaller Model
|
Losch Model
|
1
|
Christaller gave more emphasis on the
services sector such as transport, administrator, market
|
Losch gave importance to both services and
manufacturing sectors in the model.
|
2
|
As per Christaller, the higher-order settlement provides all the services of low order settlement, for example, if a village
has a school & hospital then the town must have a school & hospital and in
addition, other services may have provided.
|
As per the Losch model, it need not be mandatory for higher-order settlements to provide all the services of low order settlements, for example, if a village is doing agriculture then need not be necessary to do agriculture in town.
|
3
|
As per Christaller values of k are only 3,
4, 7
|
Whereas in Losch no restrictions on k values.
|
4
|
Christaller ignored the importance of
demands in his model
|
Losch gave the importance of demand in his
model.
|
5
|
Christaller does not talk about the
rotation of the hexagon
|
Losch explains the rotation of
hexagonal settlement and also explained how rich and poor settlement
development due to the rotation of hexagonal settlement
|
6
|
As per Christaller, all services have the
same range and thresholds
|
As per Losch, each good and services have a different range and threshold.
|
7
|
Simple model
|
Losch model is more complex than the Christaller model
|
Try to solve the following questions:
- Give a critical account of Losch's theory of central places. ( UPSC 2016, 250 words, 20 marks)
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