Deforestation:
- Cutting trees, clearing the forest, or diverting the forest land for other purposes is called deforestation.
Cause of deforestation:
- Overgrazing, Urbanization, Mining
- high population growth leads to high land demand, timber demand, fuel, and food demand
- Jhumming cultivation
- Forest fire
- Government policy
Consequences of deforestation:
The following are the problems:
Lithospheric problems:
- Soil erosion
- Landslides
- The decrease in the soil humus
- Flood and drought
Atmospheric problems:
- Increase in Co2 level in the atmosphere
- Climate change
- Uncertain the weather condition
- Dust increase in the atmosphere
Hydrospheric problems:
- Expansion of ocean water due to increasing temperature
- Lowering the groundwater level
- Increase in Sediments to the ocean from lithosphere
Biospheric problems:
- Effects on nutrients Cycle
- Adverse effects on the Food chain and web leads to depletion of a large number of species
- Food and fuel shortage
- Disturbance in the ecosystem
- Environmental refugees
Conservation of forest resources:
- Sustainable use and protection of forest resources are key for conservation.
- Regulation of overgrazing
- Population control
- Reforestation, Afforestation, social forestry, Agro-Forestry at regional and community level.
- National Park, Biosphere reserve, Wildlife sanctuary
- Plantation of mangrove forest
For a detailed explanation, watch the below video:
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