Question.
What are the bases of agro-climatic regions? Explain their core strategies for agricultural development. ( 63rd BPSC, 2019)
Answer.
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 1983, an agro-climatic region is a land unit with has roughly one climate and is suitable for a certain range of crops. The main objective of agro-climatic zones is to maximize agricultural productivity using the prevailing climatic conditions and available resources within the region.
The following are the basis of the agro-climatic region:
Both agricultural and climate variables are used to make an agro-climatic region. The following are the basis of the agro-climatic region:
- Types of soil
- Temperature
- Precipitation
- Water availability
The core strategies of agro-climatic zones for agricultural development:
- The first central strategy is to divide the geographical areas of the country into different agro-climatic zones on the above basic variables. For example, India has been divided into 15 agro-climatic zones.
- The second is to create optimum land use for each region based on crop combination, animal husbandry, aquaculture, forestry, horticulture, and agro-processing activities.
- Enable the research and development for the local requirements of seeds, irrigation, fertilization, technology, etc.
- Regular checking the soil health enhancements.
- Grow crops in agro-climatic zones to match the demand for key commodities at the national level, and reduce the gap between demand and supply.
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