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Maratha empire UPSC[Prelims]

 Maratha Empire[ Very Short Notes for Revision]:


Important Dates:

  • 1674: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj established the Maratha Empire.
  • 1761: Deafet of Maratha by Afghan ruler Durani.
  • 1775-1782: First Anglo Maratha War[ Treaty of Salbai in 1782]
  • 1803-1805: Second Anglo Maratha War[ Treaty of Bassein and acceptance of subsidiary alliance in 1802]
  • 1817-1818: Third Maratha War


Maratha leader and areas:

  • Holkar:
    •  Indoor
  • Gaekwad: 
    • Baroda
  • Bhonsle: 
    • Nagpur
  • Peshwa:
    •  Pune
  • Sindhia:
    •  Gwalior
  • Pawar: 
    • Dhar
  • Mehres:
    •  Vidharbha
  • Dewas and Newalkar: 
    • Jhansi


Maratha Administration:

  • Empire is divided into provinces and further divided into Prant and into Pargana. 
  • Paga: 
    • Regular army was called Paga.
  • Peshwa: 
    • Prime Minister
  • Majumdar: 
    • Accountant General
  • Dabir: 
    • Foreign minister
  • Sadar: 
    • Priest


Revenue System:

  • Kathi: 
    • Land measuring rod.
  • Chauth: 
    • 1/4 th of land revenue.
  • Sardeshmukhi: 
    • Additional 10 % tax on Maratha hereditary land.
  • Karkuns: 
    • Revenue officer
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