Question.
Account for the evolution of coastal landforms due to the sea-level changes under tropical conditions. ( UPPSC 1996)Answer.
Various types of coastal landforms are evolved along the coast of the sea. In the tropics, climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall play a very active role in the development of coastal landforms. In addition to climate, the development of coastal landforms is responsible for the following activities:
- Tectonic activities
- Sediment supplied by river or wave
- change in sea level [rising or falling of sea level]
- The action of wave and tidal processes
Changes in sea level play a very active role in shaping coastal landforms, with sea level changes occurring in two ways:
- Sea level fall
- Sea level rise
Fall of the sea floor:
The following coastal landforms develop in the tropics due to the fall of the sea level:
- A raised coastline is formed.
- Raised wave-cut platforms are formed.
- A new sea rock (cliff reef) is formed.
- Fossil beaches or new beaches are formed.
Sea level rise:
The rise in sea level leads to the development of the following coastal landforms:
- The coastal plain gets submerged.
- Many new islands emerge from the submergence of the sea coast.
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