Question.
What are the different types of mountains?
( Chapter 6: Major Landforms of the Earth, Class 6- The Earth: Our Habitat ( GEOGRAPHY), SOCIAL SCIENCE)
Answer.
Mountains are one type of major landform on Earth. Mountains are elevated land with narrow & tall summits, and broad bases, and steep slopes. For example, the Himalayas mountain.
Mountains can be categorized into different types based on their origin and geological characteristics. Here are the three main types of mountains:
- Fold mountain
- Block mountain
- Volcanic mountain
Fold mountain:
Fold mountains are formed by mountain-building force ( contraction force). They are generally found on the convergence boundaries of two tectonic plates, leading to the compression and folding of the Earth's crust. Examples of fold mountains:
- the Himalayas mountains in South Asia
- Alps mountain in Europe
- Aravali Mountain in India
- Andes Mountain in South America
- Rockies Mountain in North America
- Ural Mountain in Russia
- Appalachian Mountain in North America
Block mountain:
Block mountains are formed when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. Uplifted blocks are termed as horsts, and lowered blocks are termed as graben.
For example, the Rhine Valley and Vosges mountains in Europe, the Sierra Nevada Mountains in the USA, and the Black Forest in Germany are examples of block mountains.
Volcanic mountain:
Volcanic mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) erupts onto the Earth's surface, building up over time. For example, Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa, Mount St. Helens in the USA, and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of Volcanic mountains.
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