1. What are hormones?
a) They are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body.
b) It is an organ that produces and releases substances that perform a specific function in the body
c) They are the basic building blocks of all living things
d) They are a structural layer surrounding some types of cells
Answer. a) They are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body.
Hormones: are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body.
Endocrine glands are the organ that produces and releases substances ( Hormones) that perform a specific function in the body
Cell: They are the basic building blocks of all living things
Cell Wall: They are a structural layer surrounding some types of cells
2. The Hormones are secreted by special glands known as the
a) Endocrine glands
b) Exocrine Glands
c) Eukaryotic cell
d) All
Answer. a) Endocrine glands
3. Which of the following is not an Endocrine gland?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Liver
d) Pancreas
Answer. c) Liver
4. Which of the following is not an Endocrine gland?
a) Thyroid gland
b) Thymus gland
c) brain
d) Pituitary gland
Answer. c) brain
5. Which of the following is not an Endocrine gland?
a) Adrenal gland
b) Ovary
c) Lungs
d) Testis
Answer. c) Lungs
6. Match the following;
List I ( Endocrine gland)
A. Pituitary gland
B. Pineal gland
C.Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
List II ( Hormones)
1. It produces insulin hormones
2. It produces hormones that affect the heart rate and how calories are burnt
3. It produces serotonin derivatives of melatonin, which affects sleep patterns.
4. It helps in controlling other glands
Codes:
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 4 3 2 1
c) 3 2 1 2
d) 2 1 4 3
Answer. b) 4 3 2 1
7. Match the following;
List I ( Endocrine gland)
A. Thymus gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Testis
D: Ovary
List II ( Hormones)
1. It helps in the production of T-cells, the functioning of the adaptive immune system.
2. This gland produces the hormones that control the sex drive, cortisol, and stress.
3. It produces testosterone.
4. It releases estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
Codes:
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 4 3 2 1
c) 3 2 1 2
d) 2 1 4 3
Answer. a) 1 2 3 4
8. What are hormones made of?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Proteins
c) Steroids
d) b and c
Answer. d) b and c
9. Insulin is a type of ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Hormone
b) Enzyme
c) Vitamin
d) Salt
Answer. a) Hormone;
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar (glucose) levels in the body.
10. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)
( Hormones) ( Function)
a) Insulin: Blood Sugar Control
b) Melatonin: Control of Sleep
c) Oxytocin: Dissolution of milk from mammary gland
d) Gastrin: Regulation of blood pressure
Answer. d) Gastrin: Regulation of blood pressure
Insulin:
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. Its primary function is to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels in the body by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells and promoting the storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles.
Melatonin:
Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It plays a central role in regulating the body's sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) and is often called the "sleep hormone." Melatonin levels typically rise in the evening, signaling the body that it's time to prepare for sleep.
Oxytocin:
Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. It has several roles, including uterine contractions during childbirth, the ejection of milk during breastfeeding, and the promotion of social bonding and affectionate behaviors.
Gastrin:
Gastrin is a hormone produced by cells in the stomach lining, specifically in the antrum and pylorus. It plays a key role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. When food enters the stomach, gastrin is released, stimulating the production of gastric acid to aid in digestion.
11. What is thyroxine? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Vitamin
b) Hormone
c) Enzyme
d) None of these
Answer. b) Hormone;
12. Which of the following Hormones is associated with the "fight or flight" concept? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Insulin
b) Adrenaline
c) Estrogen
d) Oxytocin
Answer. b) Adrenaline;
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. It plays a critical role in the body's "fight-or-flight" response to stressful or dangerous situations.
13. Which of the following glands is known as the biological clock?
a) Hypothalamus gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Thyroid gland
d) Pituitary Gland
Answer. b) The pineal gland is known as the biological clock, it releases Melatonin hormone which regulates the biological clock.
14. Consider the following- ( UPPSC PYQ)
1. This is the second largest gland of the human body
2. Its secretion comes out from characteristics type of cells and is alkaline
3. Its secretion is said to be complete digestive juice.
These characteristics are of
a) Liver
b) Spleen
c) Pancreas
d) Salivary glands
Answer. c) Pancreas;
15. Which is the smallest endocrine gland in the human body? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Adrenal
b) Thyroid
c) Pancreas
d) Pituitary
Answer. d) Pituitary
16.
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