Question.
Comment on the National Wetland Conservation Programme initiated by the government of India and name the few India's wetlands of international importance included in the Ramsar Sites.
(UPSC 2023 General Studies Paper 3 (Main) Exam, Answer in 150 words)
Answer.
The National Wetland Conservation Programme ( NWCP) was initiated by the government of India in 1985, to preserve and sustainable management of wetlands across India.
The following are the objectives of the National Wetland Conservation Programme ( NWCP):
Wetland Identification:
It identifies the wetland that needs to be protected and also provides critical data for conservation.
Water Quality Management:
It regulates water flow and water quality within wetlands.
Biodiversity Conservation:
It protects and preserves the rich wetland ecosystems of India.
Awareness and Research:
It promotes research and awareness about the ecological importance of wetlands.
The names of a few of India's wetlands of international importance included in the Ramsar Sites:
Chilika Lake, Odisha:
Chilika Lake is the largest coastal lagoon in India. Chilika Lake is rich in a variety of flora and fauna, including migratory birds.
Sundarbans, West Bengal:
Sundarbans is a mangrove delta. It is home to the Bengal tiger and diverse aquatic species.
Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan ( Bharatpur):
It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it is known for migratory birds.
Rann of Kutch, Gujarat:
Rann of Kutch is the salty marshland. It is home to a variety of wildlife, including migratory birds.
Loktak Lake, Manipur:
Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in northeastern India. It is known for its floating phumdis ( Vegetation, soil, and organic matter).
In Summary, These Ramsar Sites represent a diverse range of wetland ecosystems, highlighting the ecological importance and biodiversity associated with each. The National Wetland Conservation Programme reflects India's commitment to the conservation and sustainable use of its wetlands.
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