1. When the World Biodiversity Day observed? (UPPSC 2018)
a) March,22
b) May, 22
c) June, 23
d) April, 16
Answer. b) May, 22
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? (UPPSC 2019)
a) Species diversity increases from the equator towards the poles
b) Tropics harbor more species than temperate areas.
c) The greatest biodiversity occurs in the Amazonian rainforest.
d) Species diversity decreases from temperate areas toward the poles
Answer. a) Species diversity increases from the equator toward the poles
3. The most biodiversity-rich area in India is: (UPPSC 2019)
a) Gangetic plain
b) Trans Himalayas
c) the Western Ghats
d) Central India
Answer. c) the Western Ghats
4. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity?
a) Tropical rainforest
b) Mangrove
c) Coral reef
d) Marshy ecosystem
Answer. c) Coral reef
5. Which of the following can be threats to the biodiversity of a geographical area? (UPSC 2012)
1. Global warming
2. Fragmentation of habitat
3. Invasion of alien species
4. Promotion of vegetarianism
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, and 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer. a) 1, 2, and 3 only
6. Which of the following is not responsible for the increase in the biodiversity of an ecosystem? ( UPPSC 2015)
a) Productivity of the ecosystem
b) Intermediate disturbance
c) Age of ecosystem
d) less number of tropic levels
Answer. d
7. Which of the following is an important strategy for the conservation of biodiversity? (UPPSC 2013)
a) Biosphere Reserve
b) Botanical Gardens
c) National Parks
d) Wildlife Sanctuaries
Answer. a) Biosphere Reserve
8. The maximum biodiversity is found in (UPPSC 2016)
a) tundra
b) coniferous forests
c) tropical rainforests
d) temperate forests
Answer. c) tropical rainforests
9. The main reason for the decrease in biodiversity is ( UPPSC 2016)
a) Habitat pollution
b) Introduction of exotic species
c) Overexploitation
d) Natural habitat destruction
Answer. d) Natural habitat destruction is the main reason for the decrease in biodiversity.
10. Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity: (UPSC 2011)
1. Species richness
2. Vegetation density
3. Endemism
4. Ethno-botanical importance
5. Threat perception
6. Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?
a) 1 2 and 6
b) 2, 4 and 6
c) 1, 3 and 5
d) 3, 4 and 6
Answer. c) 1, 3 and 5
11. India's first National Centre for Marine Biodiversity (NCMB) is located in which city? ( UPPSC 2018)
a) Bhavnagar
b) Jamnagar
c) Mumbai
d) Puducherry
Answer. b
India's first National Centre for Marine Biodiversity (NCMB) is located in Jamnagar City.
12. How does the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) help in protecting Indian Agriculture?
1. NBA checks the biopiracy and protects the indigenous and traditional genetic resources.
2. NBA directly monitors and supervises the scientific research on genetic modification of crop plants.
3. Application for Intellectual Property Rights related to genetic/biological resources cannot be made without the approval of the NBA.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (UPSC 2012)
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. c) c) 1 and 3 only
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) in India plays a crucial role in protecting
Indian agriculture through its mandate to conserve and regulate access to
biological resources and associated traditional knowledge.
Here's how the NBA helps in protecting Indian agriculture:
Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Regulations:
Conservation of Biodiversity
Protection of Traditional Knowledge
Incentives for Conservation
Awareness and Capacity Building
13. With reference to an organization known as 'Birdlife International', which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2015)
1. It is a Global Partnership of Conservation Organizations.
2. The concept of 'biodiversity hotspots' originated from this organization.
3. It identifies the sites known/referred to as 'Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. c) 1 and 3 only
The concept of biodiversity hotspots originated from the organization Conservation International (CI). The term "biodiversity hotspot" refers to a specific geographic area that is both biologically rich and highly threatened by human activities. The concept was first proposed by Dr. Russell Mittermeier, the president of Conservation International at the time, and Norman Myers, a British environmentalist, in a paper published in 1988.
14. With reference to an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2016)
1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF, and the World Economic Forum.
2. It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.
3. It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate, and capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. c) 2 and 3 only
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) is a global initiative that aims to highlight the economic value of biodiversity, ecosystems, and the services they provide to humanity. TEEB focuses on assessing the costs of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation, as well as the benefits of conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
15. Which of the following statements is/are correct? Proper design and effective implementation of the UN- REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to
1. protection of biodiversity
2. resilience of forest ecosystems
3. poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below. ( UPSC 2016)
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. d) 1, 2 and 3
The UN-REDD Program is a collaborative initiative involving the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its primary goal is to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, while also promoting the conservation and sustainable management of forests.
16. ‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangan Committee Report’, sometimes seen in the news, are related to ( UPSC 2016)
a) constitutional reforms
b) Ganga Action Plan
c) linking of rivers
d) protection of Western Ghats
Answer. D)
Both the Gadgil Committee report and the Kasturirangan Committee report are related to the Western Ghats, a biodiversity-rich mountain range along the western coast of India.
17.
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