Question.
What is the Vision Plan 2030 of the Uttar Pradesh Government with reference to the terrestrial ecosystem in the state?
(UPPSC Mains General Studies-VI/GS-6 2023 Solutions)
Answer.
Key facts about Uttar Pradesh and its Terrestrial Ecosystem:
Uttar Pradesh has about 240,928 square kilometers area, i.e., about 7.33 percent of the total area of India.
Uttar Pradesh is about 16.5 % of India's population.
Population Density: 890 people per square km.
Agriculture land: about 80 % of the area of the state is agricultural land.
Agriculture contributes 40 % of state GDP.
About 75 % of the state's population is involved in agriculture.
Uttar Pradesh produces about 19 % of the food grains in India.
The ecosystem that is based on the land ( lithosphere) is known as the terrestrial ecosystem. Forest, grassland, desert, and agriculture are some examples of terrestrial ecosystems.
The forest and agricultural land are an important terrestrial ecosystem in Uttar Pradesh and the government has made a vision plan for 2030.
As per the United Nations Sustainable Goal-15, Uttar Pradesh is committed to protecting, restoring, and promoting the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems in the interest of sustainable growth and inclusive development.
Features of Terrestrial Ecosystem 2030 of Uttar Pradesh:
Forest Conservation:
As per the State of Forest Report 2017, Uttar Pradesh has 6.09 percent geographical area under forest cover (protected forests and reserve forests) and 3.09 percent under tree cover.
Thus a total of 9.18 percent of the state's geographic area is under forest/tree cover, as against 33 percent mandated by the National Forest Policy 1988.
Uttar Pradesh targets 15 percent of its geographical area under forest/tree cover by 2030.
Uttar Pradesh created a Guinness world record by planting 1 crore trees on a single day ( 31 July 2017) in the state.
The Vanavaran Samvardhan Yojana is being implemented in reserve forest areas in 18 districts.
This vision also includes conserving mountain ecosystems.
Sustainable Agriculture and Prevention of Land Degradation:
Sustainable agriculture is being promoted in the state in the following ways-
Steps is being taken for improving the soil water management practices.
Promotion for using stress-tolerant crop varieties.
Promoting dry land agriculture practices in Bundelkhand Vindhya region.
Promotion of use of bio-fertilisers and bio-pesticides.
Promotion of Agriculture diversification through horticulture, floriculture, sericulture, fisheries, and agro-forestry.
A land consolidation program is being implemented to reverse the declining land-holding size.
Ravine land is restored under Uttar Pradesh's Sodic Land Reclamation Project II.
Wildlife and Biodiversity Conservation:
India is a signatory to the Convention of Biodiversity 1993 and the Natural Heritage Convention.
Project Tiger is being implemented in Dudhwa and Pilibhit Tiger Reserves.
Project Elephant is being implemented in Shivalik, Bijnore, and Najibabad forest divisions.
Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary Nawabganj ( Unnao ), Sandi Bird Sanctuary (Hardoi), and Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary (Kannauj) are important wildlife sanctuary for conservation.
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