Question.
Why is the southern part of India referred to as a peninsular plateau?
(Geographical Diversity of India-Chapter 1 - Class 7 Social Science NCERT)
Answer.
The southern part of India is known as the Peninsular Plateau because of its unique shape, geological structure, and relief features. According to this chapter, this region combines the characteristics of both a peninsula and a plateau.
The following are the main reasons why the southern part of India is called a Peninsular Plateau.
1. Peninsula Shape:
A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.
The southern part of India fits this definition because it is surrounded by:
- Arabian Sea on the west
- Bay of Bengal to the east
- Indian Ocean to the south
This geographical position gives the region a peninsular shape, which is why it is described as a peninsula.
2. Plateau Landform:
A plateau is a large area of elevated land that is relatively flat on the top.
The Peninsular region of India has an average height of about 600–900 meters above sea level, making it a classic example of a plateau.
This elevated landform slopes gently from west to east, allowing many rivers to flow toward the Bay of Bengal.
3. One of the Oldest Landmasses:
The Peninsular Plateau is considered one of the oldest and most stable geological regions in India.
It is mainly composed of:
- Igneous rocks
- Metamorphic rocks
Because of its ancient geological origin, this region has remained tectonically stable for millions of years.
4. Bounded by Mountain Ranges:
The plateau is bordered by two important mountain ranges:
- Western Ghats on the western side
- Eastern Ghats on the eastern side
These mountain ranges form the natural boundaries of the plateau and give it a distinct geographical structure.
The southern part of India is called the Peninsular Plateau because it combines two important geographical characteristics:
It is surrounded by water on three sides, giving it a peninsular shape.
It is a high, flat landform, which is a key feature of a plateau.
Therefore, due to its peninsula-like location and plateau-like relief, this region is referred to as the Peninsular Plateau of India.
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