Give an account of the Petro-Chemical Industrial in India.
( UPPSC, UP PCS, 2019, 15 Marks)
à¤ारत में पेट्रो-रासायनिक उद्योगों का विवरण दिजिये।
Answer:
Petrochemical Industries is one types of Sunrise Industries, it is relatively new and fast-growing industries. It is the backbone of many industries such as Packaging Industries, textile, automobile, agriculture, and pharmaceutical.
Many products are derived from crude petroleum. The Group of industries derived from crude oil is called petrochemical industries.
This group is divided into four subgroups:
Many products are derived from crude petroleum. The Group of industries derived from crude oil is called petrochemical industries.
This group is divided into four subgroups:
- Polymer
- Synthetic fiber
- Elastomer
- Surfactant intermediate
Mumbai is the hub of Petrochemical industries
Polymers:
- It is a basic raw material for plastic industries.
- It is the basic raw material for polyester fabrics and nylon filament. It has high strength, durability, resistance to wrinkles, and shrinkage.
- It is a basic raw material for rubber industries.
- It is petrochemical that lower the surface tension between two liquid, solid and liquid, liquids, and gases.
- It is the basic raw material for detergent and soaps.
Three
organizations working under the administrative control of the department of
chemical on petrochemical.
- IPCL
- PCL
- CIPET
IPCL:
Indian Petrochemical corporation limited:
- Major product:
- Polymer,
chemical, and fibers.
PCL:
Petrofils Cooperative Limited
- Product:
- Polyester
filament yarn, nylons
- Plants:
- Vadodara,
Naldhari.
CIPET:
Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology.
Challenges of Petro-Chemical Industries:
- Petro-Chemical
Industries are major sources of toxic pollutants. There are environmental
problems in using plastic and also a negative perception of single-use
plastic.
- For technology, India is dependent on western counties.
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