Syllabus Ecosystem:
- Concept of Ecosystem, structure, and functioning of the Ecosystem,
- Types of Ecosystem;
- Major Biomes;
- Man's impact on the Ecosystem and Global Ecological issues.
Study materials:
Concept of Ecosystem, structure, and functioning of the Ecosystem:
Concept of the ecosystem:
- Definition: the ecosystem is part of Biome.
- Food chain,
- Food web,
- Energy pyramid.
Structure of the ecosystem:
- Biotic components:
- Producer
- Consumer ( herbivores, carnivores, omnivore)
- Decomposers
- Abiotic components:
- Soil, water, atmosphere, climatic, photoperiod.
The function of the ecosystem:
- Ecosystem regulations
- Nutrition cycle, gases, and minerals cycle.
- Energy and food supply
Types of the ecosystem:
- Terrestrial ecosystems:
- Forest
- Grassland
- Desert
- Tundra
- Aquatic ecosystem:
- Freshwater
- Saline water
Major Biomes;
- Tropical rainforest
- Temperate rainforest
- Savana
- Desert
- Tundra
- Taiga
Man's impact on the Ecosystem and Global Ecological issues.
Human impact on the ecosystem;
- Biodiversity loss
- Pollution
- Habitat loss
- Depletion of natural resources
- Destruction of the ecosystem or environment destruction
- Extinction of wildlife and vegetation
Global ecological issue;
- Water pollution
- Air pollution
- Deforestation
- Climatic change
- Marine pollution due to oil leakage
- Climatic migration
- Hunger
- Epidemic
- Consequences of disruption to one part of the ecosystem ripple throughout the whole
- Mountaineers constitute a threat to Mount Everest
- Types of Biodiversity |Necessary to conserve the genetic diversity of species
- Environmental hazards-Flood
Question asked in UP PCS 2018:
- Examine the function and structure of the ecosystem with reference to any water bodies.
- Briefly describe the tropical rain forest biome of the world.
Question asked in UP PCS in 2017:
- Describe the properties of the ecosystem and its types.
Expected Geography Mains Questions for UPPSC-UP PCS 2020:
- Structure and Function of the Ecosystem
- Biome other than a tropical rainforest
- Global Environmental and ecological issue
For Your Practices:
- Give a brief account of the principal land biomes and their latitudinal distribution.
- Define the term biome. List the terrestrial biomes and describe the characteristics of Savanna biome.
- Indicate the major biotic regions of the world.
- Climate change and flood problems
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