1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms?
Answer:
The following are three major landforms:
- Mountains
- Plateaus
- Plains
(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
Answer:
The following are difference:
- Mountains are generally higher than the plateau and have a steep slope from all side and a small summit
- Plateau is a tableland standing above the surrounding areas with a flat surface and may have one or more sides with steep alopes.
(c) What are the different types of mountains?
Answer:
The following are three types of mountains.
- Fold mountains; examples Himalaya, Rocky, Andes, Alpes, Ural, Atlas.
- Block mountain; for Example, Rhine valley, and the Vosges mountain in Europe.
- Volcanic mountains; for Example, Mt, Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan.
(d) How are mountains useful to man?
Answer:
The following was mountains are useful to a human:
- Mountains are a storehouse of water as many rivers originated from mountains and if there is a glacier in the mountain then the river will get water all over the year.
- Mountains also act as a barrier to moist winds and cause rainfall and Mountains also prevent cold winds; thus overall mountains play important role in the surrounding climate.
- Mountainous river are ideal provide the ideal condition for generating hydroelectricity
- Mountain has a rich variety of flora and fauna that provides fuel, fodder, shelter
- It provides an important destination for tourism and aesthetic beauty
(e) How are plains formed?
Answer:
- Plains formed by rivers; river erodes the mountains and deposits them in lower riparian areas and by this process, plains are formed.
(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?
Answer:
Plains provide the following favorable conditions:
- Fertile land for farming
- Easy to built houses and other infrastructure in the plains areas
- Sufficient water availability
- Mild climate
(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?
Answer:
Because of the following reasons, mountains are thinly populated:
- Harsh Climate
- Poor connectivity to other regions
- Because of a steep slope, there is small land available for farming
- Difficult to built the houses
- Water shortage
- Very few economic opportunities available
- Prone to frequent natural disasters such as earthquake, volcanoes, and landslides
2. Tick the correct answers.
(a) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of
(i) elevation (ii) slope (iii) aspect
Answer:
- i. elevation
(b) Glaciers are found in
(i) the mountains (ii) the plains (iii) the plateaus
Answer:
- i. the mountains
(c) The Deccan Plateau is located in
(i) Kenya (ii) Australia (iii) India
Answer:
- iii. India
(d) The river Yangtze flows in
(i) South America (ii) Australia (iii) China
Answer:
- iii. China
(e) An important mountain range of Europe is
(i) the Andes (ii) the Alps (iii) the Rockies
Answer:
- ii. the Alps
3. Fill in the blanks.
1. A _____Plain______ is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of _____young_fold_________types of
mountains.
3. ______Plateau_______ areas are rich in mineral deposits.
4. The ___________range______ is a line of mountains.
5. The _____Plain_______areas are most productive for farming
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