1. Who has propounded the concept of "Limit to Growth"? ( UPPSC 2019)
a) Club of Rome
b) UNESCO
c) Brundtland Commission
d)Agenda 21
Answer. a;
Club of Rome published "Limit to Growth".
2. Arrange the following events in chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below: ( UPPSC 2020)
I. Rio Earth Summit
II. Publication of Brundtland Commission report
III. Enforcement of Montreal Protocol
IV. Publication of "The Limit to Growth" report.
a) I, IV, III, II
b) IV, II, III, I
c) IV, III, II, I
d) IV, I, III, II
Answer: B;
Rio Earth Summit: 1992
Publication of Brundtland Commission report: 1987
Enforcement of Montreal protocol: 1989(signed in 1987)
Publication of "The Limit to Growth" report: 1972
3. How many agreements are there in Agenda 21? ( UPPSC 2014)
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Answer. a.
Agenda-21:
40 Chapter
4 categories or agreements:
Social and economic dimension
Conservation and management of resources
Strengthening the role of major groups
Mean of implementation
4. The concept of "Carbon Credit" Originated from (UPPSC 2021)
a) Earth Summit, Rio-de-Janeiro
b) Kyoto Protocol
c) Montreal Protocol
d) G-8 summit, Heiligendamm
Answer. b) Kyoto Protocol
A carbon credit is one type of permit that allows them to emit a certain amount of greenhouse gases and it originated in the Kyoto Protocol[COP-3] in 1997.
5. Regarding “carbon credits”, which one of the following statements is not correct? (UPSC 2011)
a) The carbon credit system was ratified in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol
b) Carbon credits are awarded to countries or groups that have reduced greenhouse gases below their emission quota
c) The goal of the carbon credit system is to limit the increase in carbon dioxide emission
d) Carbon credits are traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment Programme
Answer. d) Carbon credits are traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment Programme.
A carbon credit is one type of permit that allows them to emit a certain amount of greenhouse gases and it originated in the Kyoto Protocol[COP-3] in 1997.
6. What is the ‘Greenhouse Gas Protocol’? ( UPSC 2016)
a) It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify, and manage greenhouse gas emissions.
b) It is an initiative of the United Nations to offer financial incentives to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adopt eco-friendly technologies
c) It is an inter-governmental agreement ratified by all the member countries of the United Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to specified levels by the year 2022
d) It is one of the multilateral REDD+ initiatives hosted by the World Bank
Answer. a) It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify, and manage greenhouse gas emissions.
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is a widely recognized and widely used international accounting tool for understanding, quantifying, and managing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It was developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) to provide a standardized framework for measuring and reporting GHG emissions from various sources.
7. With reference to ‘Agenda 21’, sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements: ( UPSC 2016)
1. It is a global action plan for sustainable development.
2. It originated in the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg in 2002.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer. a) 1 only
8. The Headquarters of 'Green Peace International' is located at (UPPSC 2018)
a) Amsterdam
b) Canberra
c) Ottawa
d) Nagasaki
Answer. a
The Headquarters of 'Green Peace International' is located in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
9. 'Green Index' has been developed by ( UPPSC 2014)
a) United Nations Environment Programme
b) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
c) World Bank
d) None of the above
Answer. a. United Nations Environment Programme.
Green Index assesses the environmental performance of the Micro Finance Institution.
10. Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC): ( UPSC 2017)
1. TRAFFIC is a bureau under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
2. The mission of TRAFFIC is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the conservation of nature.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer. b)
11. With reference to 'Global Environment Facility, which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2014)
a) It serves as a financial mechanism for the 'Convention on Biological Diversity and the 'United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
b) It undertakes scientific research on environmental issues at the global level.
c) It is an agency under the OECD to facilitates the transfer of technology and funds to underdeveloped countries with the specific aim to protect their environment.
d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer. a) It serves as a financial mechanism for the 'Convention on Biological Diversity and the 'United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
12. With reference to a conservation organization called 'Wetlands International', which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2014)
1. It is an intergovernmental organization formed by the countries that are signatories to the Ramsar Convention.
2. It works at the field level to develop and mobilize knowledge and use practical experience to advocate for better policies.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer. b) 2 only
13. With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource (IUCN) and the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2015)
1. IUCN is an organ of the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments.
2. IUCN runs thousands of field projects around the world to better manage natural environments.
3. CITES is legally binding on the States that have joined it, but this Conventional does not take the place of national laws.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. b) 2 and 3 only
14. With reference to an organization known as 'Birdlife International', which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2015)
1. It is a Global Partnership of Conservation Organizations.
2. The concept of 'biodiversity hotspots' originated from this organization.
3. It identifies the sites known/referred to as 'Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. c) 1 and 3 only
The concept of biodiversity hotspots originated from the organization Conservation International (CI). The term "biodiversity hotspot" refers to a specific geographic area that is both biologically rich and highly threatened by human activities. The concept was first proposed by Dr. Russell Mittermeier, the president of Conservation International at the time, and Norman Myers, a British environmentalist, in a paper published in 1988.
15. With reference to an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPSC 2016)
1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF, and the World Economic Forum.
2. It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.
3. It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate and capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. c) 2 and 3 only
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) is a global initiative that aims to highlight the economic value of biodiversity, ecosystems, and the services they provide to humanity. TEEB focuses on assessing the costs of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation, as well as the benefits of conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
16. Which of the following statements is/are correct? Proper design and effective implementation of the UN- REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to
1. protection of biodiversity
2. resilience of forest ecosystems
3. poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below. ( UPSC 2016)
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer. d) 1, 2 and 3
The UN-REDD Program is a collaborative initiative involving the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its primary goal is to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, while also promoting the conservation and sustainable management of forests.
17.
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