Question.
Critically analyze the current initiatives and future prospects of bioenergy development in Uttar Pradesh.
(UPPSC Mains General Studies-VI/GS-6 2023 Solutions)
Answer.
Bioenergy is produced from biological products such as agriculture Residue, Municipal waste, industrial waste, and other organic waste.
Bioenergy is renewable, widely available, carbon neutral, low-cost, and eco-friendly. That is why, it has bright prospects in the world, including India.
Uttar Pradesh recently launched Bioenergy Policy 2022 to boost bio-economy and reduce dependency on fossil fuels.
The following are the key features of the Uttar Pradesh Bioenergy Promotion Policy 2022:
"Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA)" is the nodal agency for implementing this scheme.
The policy highlights four bioenergy constituents: biofuel, biodiesel, ethanol, and Compressed biogas ( CBG).
Compressed Bio Gas ( CBG) plant: It is also known as a Bio CNG plant. It converts organic waste like agricultural residues, animal manure, municipal solid waste, and sewage sludge, into compressed biogas.
Bio Coal plant: It converts biomass ( agricultural residues, forestry waste, and organic municipal solid waste) into bio coal.
Biodiesel plant: It extracts lipids from vegetable oils, animal fats, or cooking oils and converts them to biodiesel.
Ethanol: It extracts sugar from corn, sugarcane, wheat, or other biomass and produces ethanol through anaerobic fermentation.
Under this scheme, the government provides financial support for setting up bioenergy plants.
Bioenergy producers will get 100 percent free electricity for 10 years.
Land lease @1 rupee per acre will be provided to bioenergy producers for 30 years.
In 2023, "Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA)" has approved seven bioenergy plants for rupees 325 crore. Among seven, four are compressed biogas ( CBG), two are biodiesel, and one is bio coal plant.
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