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Winds|Types of Winds | Importance of Winds | Climatology| Physical Geography | Geography for UPSC IAS PCS NET JRF

Table of Contents:

  • Winds
  • Reason for Winds Movement
  • Importance of Winds
  • Types of Winds
    • Horizontal Winds
    • Vertical Winds





Winds
Moving air is called winds. Winds speed is measured by km per hour or nautical miles per hour.


Reasons for winds movement:
Pressure gradients created by pressure difference are the reasons for wind movement. Winds move from high pressure to low pressure.
Pressure gradients are high where isobars are closer to each other.

Importance of winds:


Winds play a major role in all the four components of Earth that are atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

Role of Winds in the atmosphere:
The following are some roles:
  • Winds transfer humid and temperature from the surplus region to deficit regions.
  • Help in Clouds formation
  • Help in thermal balance
Role of Winds in the lithosphere:
The following are some roles:


  • Erosion of rocks by attrition process
  • Help in weathering, soil formation, and erosional activities.
Role of Winds in the Hydrosphere:
The following are some roles:


  • Help inflow of ocean current and wave
  • Help in navigation
  • Help in ocean upwelling 


Role of Winds in the Biosphere:
The following are some roles:


  • Seed dispersion
  • Pollination
  • Damage the cultural lands scape


Types of winds:

There are three types of winds:

  • Horizontal winds
    • Surface Winds
      • Primary or Planetary Winds
        • Trade Winds
        • Westerly
        • Polar Easterlies
      • Secondary Winds
        • Monsoon
        • Sea Breeze and Land Breeze
        • Valley and Mountain Breeze
      • Tertiary or Local Winds
  • Vertical winds
    • Rising or Convectional Winds
    • Sinking or downing Winds
  • Jet Stream
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