Present a classification of Agricultural Regions of the world developed by Whittlesey.
( UPPSC, UP PCS, 2019, 10 Marks)
हीटिलसी द्वारा विकसित किया गया विश्व के कृषि प्रदेशो का वर्गीकरण प्र्सतु कीजिये।
Keywords:
Answer:
Whittlesey classified the world into 11 major agriculture regions based on the five major variables comprises of both physical and non-physical factors.
The following are the five variables of Whittlesey classification:
- Crop and Livestock
- Marketing or Consumption Pattern
- Mechanized or toll used for Agriculture
- Method of Land Use [ Intensive or Extensive]
- Productivity
The following are the 11 agriculture regions:
- Nomadic Herding
- Livestock Ranching
- Commercial Dairy Farming
- Commercial Crop and Live Stock Farming
- Shifting Cultivations
- Intensive Subsistence Agriculture without Paddy Crops
- Intensive Subsistence Agriculture with Paddy Crops
- Commercial Grain Farming
- Mediterranean Agriculture
- Plantation Agriculture
- Horticulture Agriculture
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| Whittlesey classification of Agriculture region |
Nomadic Herding:
- Region:
- Sahara desert, part of West Asia, Central Asia, Mongolia, China.
- Characteristics:
- Herder has a nomadic settlement,
- People move from season to season with their livestock.
- Major products: fruit, nuts, animal skin, and product.
- India, Gujjar practice nomadic herding in the Ladakh region.
Livestock Ranching:
- Region:
- Prairies Grassland USA and Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina, Australia.
- Characteristics:
- Similar characteristics with nomadic herding with a permanent settlement.
Commercial Dairy Farming:
- Region:
- Part of Europe, Eastern USA.
- Characteristics:
- Milk product export, high productivity of milk.
Commercial crop and Livestock Farming:
- Region:
- Europe
- Characteristics:
- Major crops are Potatoes, Wheat, Oats, and Barley.
Shifting cultivation:
- Region:
- South America, Africa, northeast India, China, and Myanmar.
- Characteristics:
- Low productivity of agriculture.
Intensive Subsistence agriculture:
- Region:
- West India, part of Africa,
- Characteristics:
- Labour intensive agriculture, very less use of machines in agriculture.
- Two or more crops are grown in a year, on very small farmland.
Intensive subsistence with Paddy crops:
- Region:
- Monsoon region, eastern India, Southeast Asian countries, Eastern China.
- Characteristics:
- More than two paddy crops in a year are grown
Commercial Grain farming or Extensive farming:
- Region:
- North America, South America.
- Characteristics:
- Only one crop is grown
- Mechanization of agriculture
Mediterranean agriculture:
- Region:
- European countries bordering the Mediterranean sea.
- Characteristics:
- Citrus fruits production such as grapes. Orange, lemon.
Plantation Agriculture:
- Region:
- Hilly areas of India such as the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and Assam.
- Characteristics:
- Major crops are tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa, coconut,
Horticulture Agriculture:
- Region:
- Around the central business district of world cities.
- Characteristics:
- Vegetables and fruits are grown to fulfill the demand of the city.
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- भारत के कृषि प्रदेशों का उल्लेख करते हुए , किसी एक का विस्तारपूर्वक वर्णन कीजिये।
- व्हिटलसी द्वारा विश्व कृषि का वर्गीकरण | विश्व कृषि: कृषि क्षेत्रों की एक टाइपोलॉजी UPSC
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