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Chemical Industry UPSC | Industry | Geography of India

Table of Contents:

  • What is the Chemical Industry?
  • Types
  • Inorganic Chemical Industry
  • Organic Chemical Industry


What is the chemical industry?

The chemical industry is a complex industry and backbone for many industries, it takes raw materials from mineral oil such as petroleum, natural gas, coal, and wood and converts them into various chemical products.

The following are the example of chemical industries:

  • Petrochemical Industry
  • Plastic Industry
  • Cosmetic Products
  • Colour, Dye
  • Pharmaceutical Industry

Location factors of the Chemical Industry:

  • Large chemical industries are located near markets where demand is high
  • Located near to petroleum refinery


Chemical Industries are fast-growing industries and the most diversifying industries. in India.

It consists of both large and small-scale manufacturing units.

Chemical industries are two types:

  • Inorganic Chemical Industry
  • Organic chemical Industry

Difference between Organic and Inorganic:

  • Organic Chemical has carbon contents and usually have carbon bonding with hydrogen and others; formed naturally.
  • Inorganic chemicals generally do not have carbon content and bonding with others.

Inorganic Chemical Industries:

It is made up of inorganic materials. The following are the product of Inorganic chemicals:

  • Sulphuric Acid
  • Nitric Acid
  • Soda ashes
  • Caustic Soda

Sulphuric acid is widely used in fertilizers, synthetic fiber, plastic, paint, and dyes industries;

Soda ashes are widely used in soaps, detergent, and paper industries.

Organic chemical Industries:

The petrochemical industry and Pharmaceutical are two major industries under organic chemical Industries.

Products of the petrochemical or organic chemical industry are:

  • Synthetic fibers
  • Synthetic fibers
  • Synthetic rubber
  • Plastic
  • Dye
  • Drugs


Organic chemical plants are located near oil refineries or petrochemical plants.


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