Marine resources are comprised of Continental shelf, seawater, marine minerals such as polymetallic nodules, marine food, marine energy such as offshore oil and gas and tidal energy, marine tourism, marine port, strategic position, and many more.
As per the latest report of earth science, 4.1 % of India’s GDP comes directly from marine resources.
These marines' resources are economically very significant because;
- With the growing human population, the burden on land resources are increasing day by day and in some region, it reached an unsustainable level; Marine resources are alternative to these problems. It reduces the environmental risk and mitigates the ecological challenges.
- Nutritional security is a major problem in today's world especially in developing countries; see food such as fish, zooplankton, phytoplankton are full of nutrients that can solve the problems;
- Denmark is building an artificial energy island, it will provide clean energy.
- Most developing countries such as the USA, European countries, Singapore, and Japan are benefiting from international trade because of the marine port.
- The economy of some countries such as Maldives and Seychelles is mostly dependent on the Blue economy and marine tourism.
- India is more agricultural rich because of marine influence on the Indian climate.
Marine resources are economically very significant that increasing both the quantity of GDP and the quality of life. The contribution of marine resources to the economy and development difference can be seen between Landlocked and Coastal countries. Southeast Asian countries are more economically developed as compared to central Asian countries because of marine resources.
Try to solve the following question:
- Identify the importance of biotic resource regions of India and highlight their problems. ( UPSC 2016,250 words, 20 marks)
- Evaluate the impact of technology on resource utilization in India. (UPSC 2016, 200 words, 15 marks)
- Marine resources are economically very significant. Discuss citing suitable examples. (UPSC-2020, 10 Marks, 150 words)
- Describe the potential marine energy resources with reference to their benefits, harvestability, and environmental impacts. (UPSC 2018, 250 words, 20 marks)
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