1. The most common fertilizer for foliar spraying is
a) Sodium nitrate
b) Ammonium Chloride
c) Urea
d) D.A.P
Answer. c) Urea;
The most common fertilizer for foliar spraying is a water-soluble fertilizer like Urea, which can be easily absorbed by plant leaves.
Among the options you provided, urea and DAP (Diammonium phosphate) are commonly used as water-soluble fertilizers for foliar spraying. Sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride are less common choices for foliar applications.
2. Humus is an example of
a) Soil Structure
b) Crystalloids
c) Organic Colloids
d) None of these
Answer. c) Organic Colloids;
Humus is a dark, organic material ( Organic Colloids) that forms as a result of the decomposition of plant and animal matter in the soil. It is rich in nutrients and is a valuable component of fertile soil. Humus improves soil structure, water retention, and nutrient-holding capacity. It also provides a habitat for beneficial microorganisms that help break down organic matter and release nutrients for plants. Adding humus to soil can enhance its fertility and overall health, making it an essential component in agriculture and gardening practices.
3. The most suitable crop for green manuring is
a) Potato
b) Sugarcane
c) Sunhemp
d) Gram
Answer. c) Sunhemp;
Sunhemp, is a leguminous plant that is commonly used for green manuring in agriculture. Green manuring involves growing a cover crop, like sunhemp, and then incorporating it into the soil while it's still green and succulent.
4. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
a) Bluegreen Algae: Paddy
b) Rhizobium Leguminiserum: Peas
c) Azotobacter: Wheat
d) Ajola: Maize
Answer. d) Ajola: Maize;
Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria): Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, are photosynthetic microorganisms that can fix atmospheric nitrogen. They form a symbiotic relationship with certain plants, such as some types of rice and ferns. These cyanobacteria can take nitrogen from the air and convert it into a form that plants can use, thereby improving soil fertility.
Rhizobium leguminosarum: Rhizobium leguminosarum is a type of soil bacterium that forms symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, such as beans, peas, and clover. These bacteria reside in the root nodules of the host plant and perform nitrogen fixation. They convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which benefits the host plant.
Azotobacter: Azotobacter is a genus of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria that can be found in the soil. These bacteria are not symbiotic like rhizobia but can fix atmospheric nitrogen independently. They contribute to soil fertility by increasing the availability of nitrogen to plants.
Ajola (Azolla): Ajola, also known as Azolla, is a small aquatic fern that can be used as a green manure or cover crop. It hosts a symbiotic cyanobacterium called Anabaena azollae, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen. Azolla can be grown in rice paddies, where it contributes to nitrogen availability for rice plants.
5. Which one of the following is produced through Viticulture
a) Silk
b) Earthworm
c) Honey
d) Grapes
Answer. d) Grapes;
Viticulture is the science and practice of grape cultivation, specifically for the purpose of producing grapes for winemaking. It encompasses all aspects of grapevine cultivation, from selecting and planting the grapevines to managing the vineyard, harvesting the grapes, and ultimately making wine.
6. In Vermiculture, the worm used is
a) Tapeworm
b) Silkworm
c) Threadworm
d) Earthworm
Answer. d) Earthworm;
Vermiculture is the practice of using earthworms to break down organic matter, such as food scraps and other organic waste, into nutrient-rich compost through a process called vermicomposting. Vermiculture is a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to recycle organic waste and produce high-quality compost for gardening and agriculture.
7. What is hydroponics?
a) Growing plants without soil
b) Grafting plant
c) Study of vegetables
d) Soil conservation
Answer. a) Growing plants without soil;
Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, where plants receive all of their nutrients through a nutrient-rich water solution. Instead of relying on soil to provide essential nutrients, hydroponic systems deliver these nutrients directly to the plant roots. This approach has several advantages and is commonly used in modern agriculture and indoor gardening
8. Heroin is obtained from
a) Indian hemp
b) Opium Poppy
c) Tobacco
d) Areca nut
Answer. b) Opium Poppy;
Heroin is derived from morphine, which is a natural substance found in the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). The process of making heroin typically involves chemically modifying morphine through a series of chemical reactions. This process can result in the creation of diacetylmorphine, commonly known as heroin. Heroin is a potent and highly addictive opioid drug that has significant narcotic effects on the central nervous system. It is illegal in most parts of the world due to its potential for abuse and its severe health risks.
8. Opium is obtained from
a) Dried leaves
b) Roots
c) Latex from unripe fruit
d) Latex from ripe fruit
Answer. c) Latex from unripe fruit;
Opium is obtained from the milky latex or sap of the opium poppy plant, scientifically known as Papaver somniferum. The plant produces this latex when it is cut or scored. Once collected, the opium latex can be processed to derive various opioid compounds, including morphine and codeine. Opium and its derivatives have been used for centuries for their pain-relieving and psychoactive properties
9. The main constituent of opium is
a) Morphine
b) Heroin
c) Atropine
d) Quinine
Answer. a) Morphine;
The main constituent of opium is morphine. Morphine is a potent and naturally occurring opioid alkaloid found in the latex sap of the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). It is the primary psychoactive compound responsible for the pain-relieving and narcotic effects of opium. Morphine has been used for centuries as a powerful painkiller and continues to be a valuable medication in the field of medicine for managing severe pain.
10. Which of the following is a source of bio-fertilizer?
a) Yeast
b) Chlorella
c) Azola
d) Mold
Answer. c) Azola;
Yeast: Yeast is a type of fungus that plays a significant role in various processes, including baking, brewing, and fermentation. It's used to leaven bread, ferment sugars to make alcohol and produce carbon dioxide gas, among other applications.
Chlorella: Chlorella is a single-celled green microalga (a type of algae). It is known for its high nutritional value and is sometimes used as a dietary supplement. Chlorella is rich in vitamins, minerals, and protein and is considered a potential food source for humans and animals.
Azolla: Azolla, also known as "water fern" or "mosquito fern," is an aquatic fern that often forms a symbiotic relationship with a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium called Anabaena azollae. Azolla is used as a green manure in rice paddies, where it contributes to nitrogen availability for rice plants.
Mold: Mold refers to various types of fungi that grow in the form of multicellular filaments called hyphae. Mold can be found in various environments, including food, indoor spaces, and the natural environment. Some molds can be beneficial, such as those used in cheese production, while others can be harmful and cause food spoilage or health issues.
11. In Which of the following crops, Indigo green algae are mainly used as biofertilizers?
a) Wheat
b) gram
c) Paddy
d) Mustard
Answer. c) Paddy;
Biofertilizers typically involve the use of beneficial microorganisms like nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., Rhizobium, Azotobacter) or mycorrhizal fungi to enhance soil fertility and promote plant growth. While algae have their role in ecosystems and may provide some benefits in certain conditions
12. Blue-green algae is used to supply nitrogen to
a) Bajra
b) Maize
c) Paddy
d) Wheat
Answer. c) Paddy;
Azolla, often referred to as "mosquito fern" or "water fern," can indeed be used as a biofertilizer. Azolla forms a symbiotic relationship with a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium called Anabaena azollae, which allows it to fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants. As a result, Azolla can enhance soil fertility and provide nitrogen to nearby crops, making it a valuable biofertilizer in certain agricultural systems, particularly in rice paddies.
13. Azolla is often used as a biofertilizer because it is associated with
a) Blue-green algae
b) Red algae
c) Mold
d) Moss
Answer. a) Blue-green algae;
14. Aqueous fern, which is used as a bio-fertilizer, is
a) Salvinia
b) Azola
c) Marsilia
d) Teridium
Answer. b) Azola
15. Which of the following microorganisms are used as biofertilizers?
a) Cyanobacteria
b) Protozoa
c) Virus
d) Neither of the above
Answer. a) Cyanobacteria;
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, can be used as biofertilizers in agriculture. These microorganisms are capable of nitrogen fixation, which is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) or other nitrogen compounds that can be taken up by plants.
16. "Nitrogen Utilization Potential" can be increased in crop production
a) Bye repeated use of fertilizer quantity
b) Using a nitrogen inhibitor
c) By the use of fertilizers which release nitrogen
d) By all of the above
Answer. d) By all of the above
17. Which bacteria is responsible for nitrogen fixation in soybeans?
a) Rhizobium Leguminosarum
b) Rhizobium Japonicum
c) Rhizobium Fajioleai
d) Rhizobium Traitolai
Answer. b) Rhizobium Japonicum;
The bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation in soybeans and many other leguminous plants belong to the genus Bradyrhizobium. Specifically, for soybeans, the species often involved in this symbiotic relationship is Bradyrhizobium japonicum. These bacteria form nodules on the roots of soybean plants, where they fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is a form of nitrogen that can be readily used by the plant for growth. This nitrogen-fixing ability of Bradyrhizobium bacteria plays a crucial role in improving soil fertility and reducing the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers in soybean cultivation.
18. 2, 4 D is
a) An insecticide
b) An explosive
c) A fungicide
d) A Herbicide
Answer. d) A Herbicide;
2,4-D, which stands for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, is a synthetic herbicide that is widely used in agriculture to control broadleaf weeds and woody plants. It is part of the phenoxy herbicide family and is known for its selective action, meaning it primarily targets and kills broadleaf plants while leaving most grasses unaffected.
2,4-D works by mimicking the plant hormone auxin, disrupting the growth processes in susceptible plants, which ultimately leads to their death. It's used on various crops, lawns, golf courses, and other areas where broadleaf weeds need to be controlled.
19. Which of the following crops is covered for price control under the price stabilization fund of the Government of India? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Wheat
b) Potato
c) Rice
d) None of the above
Answer. b) Potato.
The Price Stabilization Fund (PSF) in India is a government initiative aimed at stabilizing the prices of agricultural commodities and ensuring remunerative prices to farmers. It was established to address the issue of price volatility in agricultural markets, which can adversely affect both farmers and consumers.
20. Which of the following is not correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Maize-Tasseling
b) Groundnut -Pegging
c) Chick pea-Tillering
d) Tobacco -Topping
Answer. c) Chick pea-Tillering;
Tasseling: Tasseling is a critical stage in the growth of maize (corn) plants. It refers to the development of the male flowers on the top of the maize plant, in a structure known as the tassel. The tassel produces pollen, which is essential for pollinating the female flowers (ears) of the maize plant. Successful pollination leads to the formation of kernels on the ears, which are the edible part of the corn.
Pegging: Pegging is a term associated with the cultivation of peanuts (groundnuts). During pegging, after flowering, the peanut plant sends down a specialized stem-like structure called a peg from a fertilized flower to the ground. The peg penetrates the soil and eventually develops into a peanut pod where the peanuts (seeds) form.
Tillering: Tillering is a growth habit observed in grasses and cereal crops like wheat, rice, and barley. It involves the production of additional shoots or stems (tillers) from the base of the main plant. Tillering increases the number of potential grain-bearing culms (stems) in these crops, which can lead to higher yields under favorable conditions.
Topping: Topping is a practice commonly used in crop management, especially in tobacco cultivation. It involves removing the upper portion of the plant (the terminal bud or flowers) to encourage the development of lower leaves and improve leaf quality. Topping is done to divert energy into the remaining leaves and to control the size and quality of the harvest.
21. Turmeric is an example of an underground stem, known as ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Bulb
b) Tuber
c) Corm
d) Rhizome
Answer. d) Rhizome
22. Application of Gypsum provides which of the following elements to the plants? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Phosphorus
b) Sulphur
c) Magnesium
d) Iron
Answer. b) Sulphur;
Gypsum, a naturally occurring mineral, is primarily composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O). While gypsum itself is not a significant source of essential plant nutrients, it can indirectly benefit plant growth and soil fertility in the following ways:
Calcium (Ca): Gypsum is a source of calcium. Calcium is an essential nutrient for plants and is required for cell wall formation, cell division, and overall plant structure. Adequate calcium levels in the soil can improve root development and nutrient uptake in plants.
Sulfur (S): Gypsum also provides sulfur to the soil. Sulfur is a secondary macronutrient necessary for various biochemical processes in plants, including protein synthesis and enzyme function. It is especially important for crops like legumes and brassicas.
Soil Structure: Gypsum can improve soil structure by reducing soil compaction and enhancing aeration and drainage. This can lead to healthier root growth and better water infiltration.
Sodic Soil Reclamation: Gypsum is commonly used to amend sodic soils (soils with high levels of sodium). It helps displace sodium ions from soil particles, reducing soil salinity and improving its suitability for plant growth.
pH Adjustment: Gypsum can have a slight effect on soil pH. It tends to be neutral in pH, so when applied to acidic soils, it can help raise the pH slightly, making the soil less acidic. However, this effect is generally minimal compared to lime.
23. Bolting is related to which crop? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Sugarcane
b) Mustard
c) Sugarbeet
d) Barley
Answer. c) Sugarbeet;
"Bolting" is a term commonly associated with the cultivation of certain leafy vegetables.
24. Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)
Name of disease Related Crop
a) Charcol rot: Sugarcane
b) Black rust: Barley
c) Bacterial leaf blight: Paddy
d) Sterility: Pigeon Pea
Answer. a) Charcol rot: Sugarcane;
Charcoal Rot: Charcoal rot is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of crops, including soybeans, sorghum, and sunflowers.
Black Rust: Black rust, also known as stem rust, is a fungal disease that primarily affects cereal crops like wheat, barley, and oats. It can lead to significant yield losses if not controlled. Planting resistant crop varieties and using fungicides are common strategies to manage black rust.
Bacterial Leaf Blight: Bacterial leaf blight is a disease that affects rice plants. It is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Bacterial leaf blight can lead to reduced rice yields. Practices like planting disease-resistant rice varieties and using copper-based bactericides can help manage this disease.
Sterility (In relation to crops): Sterility in crops typically refers to problems with reproductive structures, such as flowers or pollen. It can result in reduced fertility and lower seed or fruit production. Causes of sterility in crops can include unfavorable environmental conditions, genetic factors, or issues with pollination.
25. What is Nutriponics? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Cultivation is soil
b) Cultivation in water
c) Cultivation of nutrients
d) Non of these
Answer. b) Cultivation in water;
"Nutriponics" is not a widely recognized term in the field of agriculture or hydroponics. It appears to be a combination of "nutrition" and "hydroponics," suggesting a focus on the nutritional aspects of hydroponic cultivation.
Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, where plants receive all of their nutrients through a nutrient-rich water solution. In a hydroponic system, essential nutrients are dissolved in water and delivered directly to the plant roots, allowing for precise control over nutrient levels and uptake. This method is known for its potential to produce crops with high nutritional quality.
26. Roguing is performed to ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Control disease in plants
b) Control of weeds in crops
c) Removal of plants other than the desired plants
d) None of the above
Answer. c) Removal of plants other than the desired plants;
Roguing is a term used in agriculture and horticulture, and it refers to the practice of removing undesirable or inferior plants from a crop or planting.
27. Which of the following is NOT correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)
Crop Disease
a) Potato - Late Blight
b) Brinjal - Red rot
c) Tomato - Early blight
d) Okra - Yellow vein mosaic
Answer. b) Brinjal - Red rot ( sugarcane);
Late Blight: Late blight is a devastating disease that affects a wide range of crops, most notably potatoes and tomatoes.
Red Rot: Red rot is a fungal disease that primarily affects sugarcane plants. The fungus infects the sugarcane stalks, leading to characteristic red discoloration of the internal tissues.
Early Blight: Early blight is a common fungal disease affecting crops like tomatoes and potatoes.
Yellow Vein Mosaic: Yellow vein mosaic is a viral disease that affects several crops, including okra, soybeans, and cowpeas.
28. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. (UPPSC PYQ)
List-I List-II
( Plants) ( Propagation Method)
A. Grape 1. Runner
B. Banana 2. Softwood cutting
C. Tea 3. Hardwood cutting
D. Strawberry 4. Sword sucker
Codes:
A B C D
a) 3 2 4 1
b) 3 4 2 1
c) 3 1 4 2
d) 4 3 1 2
Answer. b) 3 4 2 1;
Runner: Runner propagation is a natural method used by some plants to reproduce. Runners are long, slender stems that grow horizontally along the ground or just below the soil surface. Examples of plants that propagate via runners include strawberries and some varieties of grasses.
Softwood Cutting: Softwood cuttings are taken from the young, flexible, and actively growing shoots or stems of a plant.
Hardwood Cutting: Hardwood cuttings are taken from mature, woody parts of the plant, such as branches or stems. These cuttings are typically collected during the dormant season, in late autumn or winter when the plant is not actively growing.
Sword Sucker: "Sword sucker" is a term often associated with banana plants. It refers to a type of shoot or sucker that emerges from the base of a banana plant, near the corm (underground stem). Banana propagation through sword suckers is a common method for commercial banana production.
29. Male sterility is used for hybrid seed production in many crops because- ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) It increases heterosis
b) It increases the yield
c) It is a means of genetic emasculation
d) It helps in acclimatization
Answer. a) It increases heterosis;
Male sterility is intentionally induced in certain crops for hybrid seed production because it offers several advantages for plant breeding and seed production:
30. Which of the following is NOT a Kharif season weed? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Chenopodium album
b) Amaranthus viridis
c) Echynochloa colonum
d) Commelina Benghalensis
Answer. a) Chenopodium album;
Some common examples of weeds in the Kharif season include:
Echinochloa crus-galli (Barnyard Grass): This weed is a significant problem in rice fields during the Kharif season. It competes with rice for nutrients and space and can reduce rice yields if not controlled.
Cyperus rotundus (Nutgrass): Nutgrass is a persistent and troublesome weed in many Kharif crops. It spreads rapidly through underground rhizomes and can be challenging to eradicate.
Chenopodium album (Lamb's Quarters): Lamb's Quarters is a common weed in Kharif crops like maize and soybeans. It can compete with these crops for nutrients and space.
Amaranthus spp. (Amaranths): Various species of amaranths, such as Amaranthus retroflexus (Redroot Pigweed) and Amaranthus viridis (Slender Amaranth), are common weeds in Kharif crops like cotton and soybeans.
Euphorbia hirta (Garden Spurge): This weed is often found in Kharif season crops and can hinder crop growth and yield.
Commelina benghalensis (Benghal Dayflower): Benghal Dayflower is a weed that can be problematic in rice fields and other Kharif crops.
Digitaria spp. (Crabgrass): Various species of crabgrass can be invasive in Kharif crops like maize and sorghum.
31. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: ( UPPSC PYQ)
List-I List-II
( Disease) ( Treatment)
A. Loose smut of wheat 1. Sulphex
B. Powdery mildew of pea 2. Zinc sulphate
C. Damping off in vegetables 3. Vita vax
D. Khaira Disease 4. Soil solarisation
Codes:
A B C D
a) 2 1 4 3
b) 3 1 2 4
c) 1 2 3 4
d) 3 1 4 2
Answer. d) 3 1 4 2;
32. ATIC is a component of ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) NATP
b) NAAP
c) IRDP
d) IAAP
Answer. a) NATP;
ATIC- Agriculture Technology Information Center
NATP-National Agricultural Technology Project
ATIC: The Agricultural Technology Information Center (ATIC) is a government or organization-run center that provides farmers and stakeholders with access to agricultural technology information, resources, and services. ATICs often serve as hubs for disseminating agricultural knowledge, promoting modern farming practices, and facilitating technology adoption.
NATP: The National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) is an initiative in India aimed at promoting the development and dissemination of modern agricultural technologies and practices. Its goal is to enhance agricultural productivity, sustainability, and the livelihoods of farmers.
NAAP: The National Agricultural Assistance Program (NAAP) is a government program or initiative that provides financial and other forms of assistance to farmers and agricultural communities. The specific objectives and focus of NAAP may vary from one region or country to another.
IRDP: Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was a poverty alleviation program in India that aimed to improve the socio-economic conditions of rural poor households. It included various components, such as income-generation activities, skill development, and infrastructure development, to uplift rural communities.
33. Litchi Plants are commercially multiplied by (UPPSC PYQ)
a) Seeds
b) Budding
c) Air layering
d) Venner grafting
Answer. c) Air layering;
Seeds: Propagation by seeds is the most common method in the plant kingdom. It involves growing new plants from seeds produced by the parent plant. This method is used for a wide variety of plants, both in agriculture and horticulture.
Budding: Budding is a form of grafting used for propagating many fruit trees and ornamental plants. It involves taking a single bud, or budwood, from a desired plant and grafting it onto a rootstock. This method allows for the propagation of specific varieties or cultivars and is often used for roses, citrus trees, and stone fruit trees.
Air Layering: Air layering is a propagation technique used to root branches of woody plants while still attached to the parent plant. In this method, a portion of the branch is wounded, treated with rooting hormone, and then enclosed with a moist medium and a plastic covering. Roots develop in the enclosed area, and once they are well-established, the rooted portion can be cut from the parent plant and potted separately. Air layering is commonly used for plants like rubber trees and some tropical fruit trees like Litchi.
Veneer Grafting (also known as Inlay Grafting): Veneer grafting is a technique used to join the scion (the desired part of the plant) to the rootstock by making a matching cut in both the scion and the rootstock. The scion is then inserted into the matching cut on the rootstock, creating a secure connection. Veneer grafting is used for various fruit trees and ornamental plants.
34. Consider the following statements: ( UPPSC PYQ)
1. Maize is a C4 plant
2. Kranz anatomy present in C4 plant
3. Photorespiration does not occur in C3 plants.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) Only 1
b) Only 1 and 3
c) Only 2 and 3
d) Only 1 and 2
Answer. d) Only 1 and 2;
C3 Plant (Calvin Cycle): C3 plants are the most common type of plants and include many familiar crops such as wheat, rice, oats, and soybeans, as well as most trees and cool-season grasses. In C3 photosynthesis, a three-carbon compound called 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA) is formed as the first stable product during CO2 fixation. This process occurs in the mesophyll cells of the plant's leaves.
Characteristics of C3 plants:
They typically thrive in temperate climates.
C3 photosynthesis is less efficient in hot and dry conditions because it can lead to water loss through transpiration.
They tend to have a lower photosynthetic efficiency compared to C4 plants under high-temperature and high-light conditions.
C4 Plant (Hatch-Slack or C4 Photosynthesis):
C4 plants have evolved an additional photosynthetic pathway to overcome the limitations of C3 photosynthesis under high-temperature and arid conditions. Examples of C4 plants include maize (corn), sugarcane, and many warm-season grasses. In C4 photosynthesis, a four-carbon compound (oxaloacetate) is formed as the first stable product during CO2 fixation.
Characteristics of C4 plants:
They are well-suited to hot and dry environments and are often found in tropical and subtropical regions.
C4 photosynthesis is more efficient at conserving water and fixing CO2 at high temperatures compared to C3 photosynthesis.
They have specialized leaf anatomy with both mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, allowing for more efficient CO2 concentration.
35. Which of the following is NOT correctly matched?
Name of insect Order
a) House fly - Coleoptera
b) Fruit fly - Diptera
c) Mustard saw fly - Hymenoptera
d) Dragonfly - Odonata
Answer. a) House fly - Coleoptera ( it is Diptera)
36. Fruit fly lays eggs under the skin of which fruit? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Okra
b) Brinjal
c) Pumpkin
d) Tomato
Answer. d) Tomato
37. Among the following liming materials, ----- has the highest neutralizing value. (UPPSC PYQ)
a) Basic slag
b) Dolomite
c) Calcium hydroxide
d) Calcium oxide
Answer. d) Calcium oxide
38. Riceyness is a physiological disorder related to which crop? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Chili
b) Cauliflower
c) Brinjal
d) Tomato
Answer. b) Cauliflower
39. Consider the following pairs: ( UPPSC PYQ)
Class of seed: Colour of Tag
1. Breeder - Golden Yellow
2. Foundation Seed - White
3. Certified seed - Purple
4. T.L seed - Blue
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
a) 1 and 2
b) 1 and 3
c) 1 and 4
d) 1, 2,3, and 4
Answer. a) 1 and 2;
Breeder Seed: Breeder seed is the initial seed stock produced by plant breeders during the development of new crop varieties. It represents the purest form of a new cultivar and serves as the source for further seed production. Breeder seed undergoes strict quality control and genetic purity testing to ensure it meets specific standards.
Foundation Seed: Foundation seed is the second stage of seed production and is derived from breeder seed. It maintains the genetic purity and identity of a newly developed variety. Foundation seed is produced under controlled conditions and is used to produce certified seed.
Certified Seed: Certified seed is the third stage of seed production and is derived from foundation seed. It is produced under strict supervision and meets established quality standards for purity, germination, and varietal identity. Certified seed is typically sold to farmers and is used for crop production.
TL Seed (Truthfully Labeled Seed): TL seed refers to seeds that are accurately labeled with information about the crop variety and quality characteristics. It is an important aspect of seed regulation to ensure that consumers and farmers receive the seed they expect. TL seed labeling helps prevent fraudulent practices in the seed industry.
40. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List-I List-II
A. Indicator crop 1. Berseep
B. Silage crop 2. Sunflower
C. Avenue crop 3. Pigeonpea
D. Ware crop 4. Potato
Codes:
A B C D
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 2 1 3 4
c) 4 3 2 1
d) 3 4 2 1
Answer. b) 2 1 3 4;
Indicator Crop: An indicator crop is a type of plant used to monitor or assess specific conditions in the environment or soil. These crops are often selected because they are particularly sensitive to certain environmental factors, such as soil contaminants or nutrient deficiencies. By observing the growth and health of indicator crops, farmers or researchers can gain insights into the conditions of the growing environment.
Silage Crop: Silage crops are cultivated for the purpose of making silage, which is a type of fermented forage or fodder typically used as livestock feed, especially for ruminants like cattle. Common silage crops include corn (maize), sorghum, alfalfa, and various grasses. The crops are harvested at a specific stage of growth, chopped, and then fermented to preserve them for animal consumption.
Avenue Crop: Avenue crops are trees or shrubs planted along roadways, streets, or paths to create a visually appealing and shaded avenue. These trees or shrubs often serve aesthetic and environmental purposes, enhancing the beauty of urban or rural landscapes while providing shade, reducing air pollution, and offering habitat for wildlife.
Ware Crop: The word "ware" is sometimes used in the context of potatoes. In potato farming, "ware potatoes" refer to the crop that is grown for consumption, as opposed to "seed potatoes" used for planting in the next growing season. Ware potatoes are intended for fresh market sales, processing, or home consumption.
41. Which method of breeding is NOT appropriate for cross-pollinated crops?
a) Mass selection
b) Back cross method
c) Heterosis breeding
d) Recurrent selection
Answer. d) Recurrent selection;
Mass Selection: Mass selection is a traditional plant breeding method in which individual plants with desirable traits are selected from a population and used as parents for the next generation.
Back Cross Method (Backcrossing): Backcrossing is a breeding technique used to introduce or "backcross" specific traits from one plant (the donor parent) into another plant (the recurrent parent).
Heterosis Breeding (Hybrid Breeding): Heterosis breeding involves crossing two genetically distinct and often inbred parent lines to produce hybrid offspring. Heterosis breeding is commonly used in crops like maize (corn) to increase yield and other desirable traits.
Recurrent Selection: Recurrent selection is a breeding method used for populations with complex traits that are controlled by multiple genes. It involves selecting and intercrossing individuals from a population over multiple cycles of selection.r enhancing quantitative traits, such as yield or disease resistance.
42. The Silk produced by Spiders is called
a) Tussar silk
b) Gossamer silk
c) Munga silk
d) Ahimsa silk
Answer. b) Gossamer silk;
Tussar Silk: Tussar silk, also known as "Kosa silk," is a type of silk produced by the silkworm species Antheraea mylitta. It is primarily found in India and some other parts of South Asia. Tussar silk is known for its natural golden or beige color, which gives it a distinct appearance. It is often used to create textured and breathable fabrics, making it suitable for warm climates.
43. Which of the following pair/s is/are correctly matched?
1. Beet -Sugar
2. Honey -Glucose and Fructose
3. Cotton - Cellulose
4. Milk - Lactose
Select the correct answer using the code given below-
Code:
a) Only 1,2, and 3
b) Only 2,3, and 4
c) Only 1,2, and 4
d) 1,2,3 and 4
Answer. d) 1,2,3 and 4
44. The "Blue Revolution" in India is related to -
a) Agricultural Production
b) Oil Seeds Production
c) Fish Production
d) Pulse Production
Answer. c) Fish Production
45. Which of the following is the salt-tolerant crop?
a) Muskmelon
b) Pea
c) Cowpea
d) Suagr beet
Answer. a) Muskmelon
46. Photosynthesis is done from the invisible part of sunlight, by some-
a) Trees
b) Fungi
c) bacteria
d) mold
Answer. c) bacteria
47. Which of the following fertilizer release the most acid in the soil?
a) Urea
b) Ammonium Sulfate
c) Ammonium Nitrate
d) Calcium ammonium nitrate
Answer. b) Ammonium Sulfate
48. Urea is
a) A nitrogen-containing organic compound
b) A nitrogen-containing inorganic compound
c) Plant hormones
d) An energy absorbent
Answer. a) A nitrogen-containing organic compound
49. Which of the following chemical fertilizers is relatively more soluble in water at 20 degrees centigrade?
a) Ammonium Sulphate
b) Urea
c) Diammonium Phosphate
d) Ammonium Chloride
Answer. b) Urea
50. The plant receives Nitrogen in the form of
a) Nitric Oxide
b) Nitrate
c) Ammonia
d) Nitride
Answer. b) Nitrate
51. Which among the following is a man-made cereal?
a) Secale Cereal
b) Pomato
c) Triticale
d) None of these
Answer. c) Triticale
52. "Spongy tissue" is such a serious problem due to which the export of the mango species is being adversely affected. It is
a) Alphonso
b) Dashehari
c) Neelum
d) Langra
Answer. a) Alphonso
53. Redness in apples is due to
a) Anthocyanin
b) Lycopene
c) Carotene
d) Xanthophyll
Answer. a) Anthocyanin ;
Anthocyanins: Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors seen in many fruits, vegetables, and flowers. They have antioxidant properties and are often associated with health benefits. Common sources of anthocyanins include blueberries, grapes, red cabbage, and red apples.
Lycopene: Lycopene is a red pigment that belongs to the carotenoid family of pigments. It is found in high concentrations in tomatoes, watermelons, and pink grapefruits. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant and has been studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in relation to heart health and reducing the risk of certain cancers.
Carotene: Carotenes are a group of pigments, including alpha-carotene and beta-carotene, which are responsible for orange and yellow colors in many fruits and vegetables. They are precursors to vitamin A and are essential for vision and overall health. Carotene-rich foods include carrots, sweet potatoes, and mangoes.
Xanthophyll: Xanthophylls are yellow pigments found in various plant tissues, including leaves, flowers, and some fruits. They are one subclass of carotenoids. Xanthophylls are involved in photosynthesis and can help protect plants from excess light and radiation. Examples of xanthophylls include lutein and zeaxanthin, which are found in leafy greens like spinach and kale and are important for eye health.
54. The red color of the tomato is due to
a) Capsaicin
b) Lycopene
c) Xanthophyll
d) None of these
Answer. b) Lycopene
55. Mushroom used for making juicy vegetables is a
a) Fungus
b) Alga
c) Green Vegetable
d) Flesh of animal
Answer. a) Fungus
56. Noscapine is obtained from
a) Poppy
b) Bail ( Tulsi)
c) Eucalyptus
d) Ephedra
Answer. a) Poppy
.
57. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists: ( UPPSC PYQ)
List-I List-II
( Revolution) ( Field)
a) Yellow Revolution 1. Milk Production
b) White Revolution 2. Food grains Production
c) Blue Revolution 3. Oil Seeds Production
d) Green Revolution 4. Fish Production
Codes:
a b c d
a) 2 4 3 1
b) 3 1 4 2
c) 3 4 2 1
d) 4 2 1 3
Answer. b) 3 1 4 2
58. Monoculture is a typical characteristic of- ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Shifting cultivation
b) Subsistence farming
c) Specialized horticulture
d) Commercial grain farming
Answer. d) Commercial grain farming
59. Scientific management of Honey bees for commercial production of honey is known as? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Sericulture
b) Lac culture
c) Mariculture
d) Apiculture
Answer. d) Apiculture
60. Bagassosis is due to inhalation of ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Cotton dust
b) Sugarcane dust
c) Silica dust
d) Coal dust
Answer. b) Sugarcane dust
61. Grassy Shoot disease of sugarcane is caused by ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Fungi
b) Bacteria
c) Virus
d) Mycoplasma
Answer. b) Bacteria;
Grassy shoot disease, also known as "Sugarcane Grassy Shoot," is a significant viral disease that affects sugarcane plants (Saccharum officinarum). It is caused by a type of phytoplasma, which is a microscopic, cell wall-less bacterium-like organism that can infect plants.
62. For how many crops Minimum Support Price is announced by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs?
a) 18
b) 30
c) 12
d) 22
Answer. d) 22
63. Match the following
List I ( Cultivation of)
A. Grapes
B. Fish
C. Silkworms
D. field crop production and soil management
List II ( Known as)
1. Agronomy
2. Sericulture
3. Pisciculture
4. Viticulture
Codes:
A B C D
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 2 1 4 3
c) 2 1 3 4
d) 4 3 2 1
Answer. d) 4 3 2 1
64.
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