UPSC Previous years question:
- Analyze the feasibility of ‘Smart Towns’ Development in India.
- “Mono-functional towns are economically vulnerable.” Discuss
Town Planning:
Town planning includes policy formulation, regulation, and implementation strategies for the inclusive and sustainable development of the city.
Why town planning is needed?
As per the 2011 population census, approx 31 % population is living in urban areas and as of now in 2019, 34 % of the Indian population is living in the urban settlement. The figure will grow rapidly, we need to plan for urbanization.
The following are the current problems that our cities are facing:
- Urban flood due to poor drainage design, poor waste disposal, the encroachment of river flood areas, siltation of river, pood dam discharging management, etc
- Urban fire in building due to bad building design, lack of awareness, unreachability of fire grenadier due to narrow roads.
- Traffic congestion
- Lack of potation water and groundwater depletion due to water pollution and unscientific management of water resources
- Lack of waste treatment plants
- Lack of funds to manage
The following are the main aims of town planning:
- Improve the quality of life
- Sustainable development of cities and achieve the UN Sustainable development Goal 11.
- Minimize the effect of natural hazards such as floods and earthquakes as well as human-made hazards such as fire.
- Minimize pollution such as water and air pollution
- Minimize the effect of greenhouse gases and the urban heat islands phenomenon
- Minimize the depletion of natural resources such as groundwater depletion
- To make scientific land use
- Good land-use plans include:
- Separate scientific land use plan for residential and commercial purposes.
- Groundwater recharging or sponge city concept
- White painting of building to minimize the effect of greenhouse gases
- Scientific designing of building to minimize the electricity consumption and availability of fresh air and sun heat to minimize the many diseases including TB.
- Earthquakes resilient building
- River regulation
Government steps:
- Decentralization of power in 73rd and 74th Constitution amendments in 1992.
- 2005 Jawahar Lal Nehru national renewable mission
- 2015: Smart City project, make 100 cities smart in 5 years.
- 2015, AMRUT, Atla mission for rejuvenation and urban transformation
Future steps:
- Ensuring public participation
- Need financial independence of the city.
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1 comments:
Click here for commentsvery helpful and to the point content ...thank u so much
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