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Red and yellow soils| Classification of Indian Soil | UP-PCS | UPSC| Physical Features |GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA

Red and yellow soils| Classification of Indian Soil | UP-PCS | UPSC| Physical Features |GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA

09:55
Table of Contents:
  • Origin and formation
  • Distribution of Red and Yellow soil
  • Characteristics of Red and Yellow soil

Origin and formation:
As Peninsula India is formed by Igneous and metamorphic rocks and Red and yellow soil is formed due to weathering of Crystalline igneous rocks( intrusive igneous rock) in the presence of low rainfall and high-temperature climatic condition. 
  • Red color due to the diffusion of iron in crystalline Igneous and metamorphic rocks. 
  • Yellow color due to hydration of crystalline and metamorphic rocks.

Distribution of Red and Yellow soil in India:
In areas wise, it is third after Alluvial and black soil' areas. It is found in the following areas:
Red and Yellow soil

  • Part of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, 
  • The southern part of the middle Gangetic plain.
  • Foothill of Western ghats.
  • Most parts of Northeastern states are exclusive Alluvial plain of Assam, Sikkim, and northern Arunachal Pradesh.

Characteristics of Red and Yellow soil:

  • Fine-graining Red and Yellow soils are normally fertile whereas coarse grains soils are poor infertility.
  • It is poor in Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and humus.
  • Since soil texture varies from sandy to clay and loamy. The soil has rich air if proper irrigation and fertilizer are provided then it is suitable for a variety of crops such as wheat, tobacco, millet, oilseed, groundnut, and many fruit plants.
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